头部湿疹变性人也可以怀孕生孩子？告诉你,这是真的

2021年2月24日发(作者：瘦身精油有用吗)
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How a Transgender Woman Could Get Pregnant
如何让变性女人怀孕

The uncharted territory of uterus transplants is sparking patients’ interest, but surgeons and
endocrinologists remain wary
子宫移植的未知领域引起了患者的兴趣，但外科医生和内分泌学家仍然保持警惕

When Mats Br?nnstr?m first dreamed of performing uterus transplants, he envisioned
helping women who were born without the organ or had to have hysterectomies. He wanted to
give them a chance at birthing their own children, especially in countries like his native Sweden
where surrogacy is illegal.
当
Mats Br?nnstr?m
首次梦想子宫移植的时候，他设想帮助没有此类器 官的，或者不得
不进行子宫切除术的女性。
他希望能给这些人一个拥有自己孩子的机会，
尤其是在像他自己
所在的瑞士这样的国家，在这里，代孕是非法的。

He auditioned the procedure in female rodents. Then he moved on to sheep and baboons.
Two years ago, in a medical first, he managed to help a human womb
–
transplant patient deliver
her own baby boy. In other patients, four more babies followed.
他首先在雌性老鼠身上做了这个实验，
然后又在羊和狒狒 身上。
两年前，
在一次医学试
验中，
他设法帮助一位子宫移植病人拥有自己的 孩子。
随后，
他又帮助其他病人进行同样的
实验，然后四个孩子紧随其后出生了。
But his monumental feats have had an unintended effect: igniting hopes among some
transwomen (those whose birth certificates read “male” but who identify as female) that they
might one day carry their own children.
但是 ，
他这些不朽的成绩有了意想不到的效果：
在这些移植妇女
（那些出生证明上写着男性，
但却是女性的人）
身上诞生了一个希望，那就是可能将来的某一天，
他们会 拥有自己
的孩子。

Cecile Unger, a specialist in female pelvic medicine at Cleveland Clinic, says several of the
roughly 40 male-to-female transgender patients she saw in the past year have asked her about
uterine transplants. One patient, she says, asked if she should wait to have her sex reassignment
surgery until she could have a uterine transplant at the same time. (Unger’s advice was no.)
Marci Bowers, a gynecological surgeon in northern California at Mills
–
Peninsula Medical Center,
says that a handful of her male-to-female patients
—“fewer than 5 percent”—
ask about
transplants. Boston Medical Center endocrinologist Joshua Safer says he, too, has fielded such
requests among a small number of his transgender patients. With each patient, the subsequent
conversations were an exercise in tamping down expectations.
Cecile Unger
是
Cleveland Clinic
的一名女性医学专员。她说在去年， 大约有
40
名“男变
女”
性别转换患者向她咨询了子宫移植术。
一名 患者问她能否等到她在进行子宫移植术的时
候同时可以变性。
Cecile Unger
的回答是否。
Marci Bowers
是位于米尔斯–半岛医疗中心的< br>北加利福尼亚的一名妇科医生。她说，在她的“男变女”患者之中，只有不到
5%
的患者 询
问了子宫移植术。波士顿医学中心的内分泌学家
Joshua Safer
说，他也 遇到了同样的情况，
询问他这种移植术的成员也不多。每个病人的随后谈话都是一种被减少了预期的练习 而已。

To date there are no hard answers about whether such a fantastical-sounding procedure
could enable a transwoman to carry a child. The operation has not been explored in animal trials,
let alone in humans. Yet with six planned uterine transplant clinical trials among natal female
patients across the U.S. and Europe reproductive researchers are hoping to become more
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comfortable with the surgery in the coming years. A string of successes could set a precedent
that
—
along with patient interest
—
may crack open the door for other applications, including
helping transwomen. “A lot of this work *in women+ is intended to go down that road but no one
is talking about th
at,” says Mark Sauer, a professor of obstetrics and gynecology at Columbia
University.
到目前为止，
都很难说，
这种子宫移植术能否帮助 一名患者拥有孩子。
在动物试验中都
没有进行探索，
更别说在人类身上了。可是，在美国和欧洲的生育研究者中，已经有
6
个子
宫移植的临床试验，
希望未 来会有更多的此类试验。
这一系列的成功可以设置一个先例，
随
着病人的兴趣一起，< br>打开其他应用的大门，
比如说帮助移植妇女。
有很多妇女希望走这条道
路，但是 没人谈论这个。哥伦比亚大学的妇产科教授
Mark Sauer
说道。

Such a future is hard to imagine, at least in the near term. The surgery is still very
experimental, even among natal women. Just over a dozen uterus transplants have been
performed so far
—
with mixed results. One day after the first U.S. attempt, for example, the
26-year-old Cleveland Clinic patient had to have the transplanted organ removed due to
complications. And only the Br?nnstr?m group’s procedures have led to babies. More efforts are
expected in the United States: Cleveland Clinic, Baylor University Medical Center, Brigham and
Women’s Hospital, and the University of Nebraska Medical Center are all registered to perform
small pilot trials with female patients who are hoping to carry their own children.
这种未来很难想象，
至少在短期内是很难设想的。
手术仍然处在 试验阶段，
即使对于产
后妇女也是一样的。迄今为止，已经进行了数十次此类试验，伴随着混合 结果。比如说，在
美国进行第一次试验后的第二天，在
Cleveland Clinic的
26
岁的患者就不得不将这种移植器
官拿掉，因为产生了并发症。只有
Br?nnstr?m
团队的试验诞生了婴儿。在美国，更多的期
望产生了，
Bayl or University Medical Cente,
Brigham and Women’s Hospital
的
Cleveland Clinic
，
以及
the University of Nebraska Medical Center
都注册了此类试验，
能够让女性患者怀上孩子。


A RISKY PROSPECT
一个危险的前景

The trouble is that uterine transplants are extremely complex and resource-intensive,
requiring dozens of health personnel and careful coordination. First a uterus and its
accompanying veins and arteries must be removed from a donor, either a living volunteer or a
cadaver. Then the organ must be quickly implanted and must function correctly
—
ultimately
producing menstruation in its recipient. If the patient does not have further complications, a year
later a doctor may then implant an embryo created via in vitro fertilization. The resulting baby
would have to be born through cesarean section
—
as a safety precaution to limit stress on the
transplanted organ, and because the patient cannot feel labor contractions (nerves are not
transplanted with the uterus). Following the transplant and throughout the pregnancy the
patient has to take powerful antirejection drugs that come with the risk of problematic side
effects.
子宫移植术的困难在于手术的极端复 杂性和资源密集型，
它需要十几个医护人员，
以及
细致的配合。
首先，
子宫以及伴随子宫的动脉和静脉必须从捐赠者身体中取出来，
无论这些
捐赠者是活人还是死人 。
然后，
这个器官必须快速移植，
并被正确使用。最终在被移植者身
体中产生 月经。
如果患者没有进一步的并发症，
那么一年以后，
医生可能会植入一个通过体外受精的胚胎。
由此产生的婴儿，
将不得不通过剖腹产出生，
用剖腹产的原因是为 了有安全
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