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(英语论文)《老人与海》中硬汉形象分析

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更新日期:2021-01-24 05:47

阴囊潮湿吃什么-

2021年1月24日发(作者:仲光祖)

题目
An Analysis of

Code Hero

in
The Old Man and the Sea








海明威是美国著名的小说 家之一,小说《老人与海》使其获得了
1954
年的诺贝尔文
学奖。在此小说中,作者 创造了一个完美的硬汉形象——桑地亚哥。
《老人与海》是一件
影响广泛,

寓意深刻的世界文学瑰宝,它广泛地为大众所阅读,以至有人这样认为“只
要是个文化人,
你就 会知道海明威其人。
知道海明威,
你就不可能不知道小说
《老人与海》

为什么这部小说如此被广泛的阅读?当然,诸多方面造就了小说的成功,但是有一点,毋
庸置疑,那就是作者对小说主人公桑地亚哥这一永恒的艺术形象的成功塑造给人深刻印
象,让人难以忘记 这个硬汉形象的代表。

本文是从分析作品中老人这一形象出发,揭示“硬汉”的特征,倡导一 种坚忍不拔,
永不言败的精神。在论文引言中,我们将对小说的主要内容作一简单的叙述,揭示小说的< br>中心思想,并提出本次设计的内容——分析小说主人公桑地亚哥这一硬汉形象特征。后简
单介绍此 次论文的写作思路及框架。论文正文的一部分为背景信息,我们通过介绍小说作
者海明威的传奇一生,指 出作者与小说主人公的诸多相同之处,其中最相似之处便是都具
有“硬汉”精神。在正文的第二部分,我 们将结合老人捕鱼前后及在大海中航行的遭遇,
具体分析小说主人公的“硬汉”形象特征。这种特征主要 表现在四个方面:首先,在任何
困难情况下都不放弃希望;其次,在斗争过程中始终保持高昂的斗志,永 不服输;再次,
在行动上勇往直前,打不到,击不跨;最后,在漫长的斗争过程中学会忍受孤独。本文的
最后一部分为总结。通过对小说中“硬汉”形象的分析,深刻体会“硬汉”精神对当今社
会的现 实意义,倡导这种坚忍不拔,永不言败的精神。



关键词:
《老人与海》
,海明威,
“硬汉”
,桑地亚哥



Abstract
Hemingway was one of the most famous novelists in America. He created a perfect image
of Code Hero: Santiago in
The Old Man and the Sea
which won Hemingway Nobel Prize for
Literature
in
1954.
The
Old
Man
and
the
Sea

is
one
of
the
most
influential
and
far-reaching
novels
of
the
literary
treasure
of
the
world.
It

s
so
widely-read
that
people
consider
that

Whatever
there
is
an
intellectual,
people
know
Hemingway
and
nobody
knows
Hemingway
without knowing his works
The Old Man and the Sea
. Why the novel is so widely read? Why is
it so influential and why is it so loved by the people of different
colors and different nations?
Surely many factors may contribute to the success of the novel. But the main factor, no doubt, is
the touching and unforgettable portrait of the immortal artistic figure, Santiago, a representative
of Code Hero.

In the introduction of the essay,
I will make a brief description about the contents of this
novel
and
point
out
the
main
idea
of
the
novel.
The
content
of
the
essay
is
to
analyze
the
characteristics of Code Hero. And then I will set out framework of the essay. The first part of


the body is the background information. Through the introduction to Hemingway

s legend life,
we find some common points between the author and the old man, and the most familiar point is
that both of them have the spirit of Code Hero. In the second part of the body, I will portray the
process
of
his
catching
Marlin
and
fighting
with
the
sharks.
Then
I
will
analyses
the
spirit
of
Code Hero. The spirit is concentrated on four areas: First, never give up hopes in any difficult
conditions; secondly, keep daring spirit and never admit defeat in the process of fighting; thirdly,
behave heroically in the actual battle; and last, endure the loneliness in the long process of the
fighting. The last part of the essay is the conclusion. This paper will analyze the image of the old
man, reveal the characteristics of Code Hero, and advocate the spirit of never giving up.


KEY WORDS

The Old Man and the Sea
, Hemingway, Code Hero, Santiago

Contents
摘要

Abstract
Introduction ......... .................................................. .................................................. .. 1
Chapter One


The Background Information....................................... ................... 2
1.1 About the Author ... .................................................. ...................................... 2
1.2 The Author’s View on the Novel and the Old Man

.
...................................... 3
Chapter Two


The Four Characteristics of Code Hero
.
......................................... 5
2.1 Everlasting Hope for the Future
.
................................................. .................. 5
2.2 Daring Spirit for Facing the Challenge ............................. ............................ 7
2.3 Heroic Behavior in the Actual Battle .................... ........................................ 9
2.4 Loneliness Endurance in the Long Fighting ............................................... 10
Conclusion
.
.......................... .................................................. .................................. 12
Acknowledgements ............................. .................................................. .................. 13
Bibliography
.
.. .................................................. .................................................. ..... 14

Introduction
The
Old
Man
and
the
Sea

was
published
in
1952
and
was
one
of
Hemingway

s
most
successful novels which won Hemingway Nobel Prize for Literature in 1954.

The novel writes a very simple story which chronicles the adventure of Santiago, based on a
true story of a Cuba fisherman. After eighty-four days without catching a fish, Santiago, an old
Cuban hooks a giant fish. For two days and two nights the old man holds on while the fish pulls
him further and further.
Finally he kills
the fish and ties it to
his skiff.
Almost
at
once, brutal
sharks begin to take his price away. He struggles against the sharks with the harpoon, the oar, the
knife, the short club. The sharks eat all but the bones of the fish. Half dead with exhaustion, he
brings the skeleton home and makes his way to bed and dreams of his golden time.

In the novel, Hemingway creates an immortal artistic figure, Santiago, a representative of
Code
Hero.
Santiago
is
a
poor
fisherman
who
lives
alone
and
has
finally
lost
all
will
to
live.
Every day is the same dull, monotonous routine.
His wife had died; his only comfort is a boy
who is
forbidden to fish determination in holding
onto
a
gargantuan fish, Santiago is
plunged
into the adventure of his life, but will it bring meaning to his days? But it is the spirit of Code
Hero to support him fighting and living.

The
chief
point
about
Santiago
is
that
he
behaves
perfectly
and
honorably,
with
great
courage and endurance. While losing to the sharks the giant fish he has caught, he comes with
the message that while man may grow old, and be wholly down on his luck, he can still dare to
stick to the rules, persist when he is destroyed, and thus by the manner of his losing to win his
victory. I also want to point out that the novel not only describes the fight between human and
nature and fate but also indicates Hemingway

s Code Hero getting to its summit. Although the
old man in the novel is weak and in the grim fate of pressure, he also shows the spirit of Code
Hero.

This paper will analyze the image of the old man, reveal the characteristics of Code Hero,
and advocate the spirit of never giving up.


1



Chapter One


The Background Information
1.1 About the Author

Ernest Hemingway (1896-1961) was a novelist and short story writer who became one of
the best-known American authors in his century. He was famous for his experience and unique
artistic style all over the world. According to
The Old Man and the Sea
(1952), Hemingway won
the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1954.

Hemingway
centers
his
novels
on
personal
experience
and
affections.
According
to
his
works
The Sun Also Rises
(1926) he became the representative writer of

the Lost
Generation”
.
He could not cope with post-war America, and therefore he introduced a new type of character in
writing called the

Code Hero

. Hemingway is known to focus his novels around code heroes
who struggle with the mixture of their tragic faults and the surrounding environment.
Moreover, Hemingway

s creation not only originated from life true to life but superior to
life. Hemingway is a realism writer, consequently, copied something mechanically. He was also a
master of turning reality into fiction, representing not only what had actually happened but also
what
logically might
happen.
He didn

t
lay special emphasis
by his
inner beauty.
So Santiago
leaved an indelible impression to us. Hemingway once said that
The Old Man and the Sea
could
be in a longer novel. In the novel, he could describe many other villagers and how they made a
lively life, how they were educated, how they bore children, and so on. But he omitted all those,
only
describing,
the
old
man
and
the
process
of
fishing
the
Marlin
and
fighting
the
sharks.
Besides, Hemingway not only reflected real life but also expressed himself in his work. Or, we
can say, Hemingway

s creation is superior to life.

Santiago
showed
the
spirit

undefeated


which
Hemingway
has.
So
Hemingway

s
life
attitude has been widely recognized and imitated all over the world. Hemingway is worthy to be
called the Code Hero: he was born in an intensely middle- class family, Chicago, Oak Park. His
father,
who
was
a
doctor,
devoted
to
hunting,
fishing
and
influenced
on
Hemingway
greatly

2


when he was three years old, his father gave him a fishing pole for his birthday gift.
When he
was ten
years old,
he got
a hunting gun.
As a boy of fourteen, he was encouraged to
practice
boxing. Hemingway fought in the two world wars: in the first war as a medical soldier, and the
second as a reporter. He took part in World War I as an honorary lieutenant in the Red Cross. He
went overseas as an ambulance driver. He was wounded many times and experienced at least 12
operations which took out 227 pieces of artillery shells. Besides, he suffered a great deal from
aviation accident: his eyes injured while hunting and in African jungle he was in two airplane
accidents in the spaces of two days. All these didn

t defeat Hemingway. He was such a man who
turned down defeat. When he was old he was poor in health. Still he indulged himself in fishing,
hunting and bull- fighting from which he pursued thrilling scenes and enjoyed himself in fighting.

However there is a question,

Is Hemingway timid and pessimistic, so that he is committed
suicide?

The answer, of course, is

No

, Hemingway suffered much illness and injury and he
committed
suicide
at
last.
But
his
suicide
cannot
show
he
was
timid
and
pessimistic.
On
the
contrary, he set upon image of braver because he regarded his illness and injury as his

enemy


such as the sharks. He used his life as a weapon, in order to get rid of his

enemy

, he would
rather choose to die. He and his

enemy

ended in common ruin.


1.2 The A
uthor’s
View on the Novel and the Old Man

Hemingway defined the Code Hero as

a man with lives correctly, following the ideals of
honor, courage and endurance in a world that is sometimes chaotic, often stressful, and always
painful

(
The American Tradition in Literature,
Page78
)
. He showed, in his famous phrase for it,

grace under pressure

. The Code Hero measures himself by how well they handle the difficult
situations that life throws at him. In the end the Code Hero will lose because we are all mortal,
but the true measure is how a person faces death. The code believes in

Nada

, a Spanish word
meaning nothing. Along with this, there is nothing after life.

Hemingway’s
view of human nature is that happiness is rare and is found within a man and
not in his outside circumstance or surroundings. Hemingway illustrates this in three ways. First,
he
portrays
the
human
nature
of
Santiago,
the
main
character,
as
being
one
of
humility
and
compassion, full of strength and pride. He is shown not as a gleefully happy man, but one who

3


meets
life
with
a
serene,
quiet
resilience.
Second,
Santiago

s
fellow
villagers
are
shown
as
shallow,
with
a
narrow
view
of
life
compared
to
his.
Their
focus
on
appearances
is
in
sharp
contrast
to
Santiago

s
focus
on
intrinsic
values.
Third,
it
will
be
shown
that
his
rare
brand
of
happiness comes from within.

To Hemingway, the dignity of a man should be so important to that man that he is willing to
die for it. Most likely that is the reason Santiago went deep into that sea, following the Marlin,
tearing the skin off his hands as he held on to that line. This is also why Santiago risked his life
catching the Marlin. Finally, he caught the marlin, he was proud of himself that he so extremely
wanted. When the sharks attack the fish, it is as same as the sharks attacking his dignity. This is
mostly why an elderly man, armed only with crude weapons would fight many sharks.
As the
sharks tear apart the Marlin bit by bit, it is as they are tearing apart his dignity bit by bit. That is
why Santiago found the courage to fight off sharks to protect his dignity. Hemingway shows that
a man will not risk his life for his dignity, then what is in that life to live for? Even though the
old man lost the battle with the sharks at the end,

his obtunding and persistent determination
makes him as a perfect Code Hero

(
The American Tradition in Literature,
Page82
)
. He had done
everything
a
person
possibly
could
have.
Through
Santiago
Hemingway
told
us
that
we
are
wholly down on our luck and destroyed in the end. Then we should conduct ourselves just like
the
old
fisherman,
not
be
pessimistic
and
disappointed
but
to
keep
on
struggling
until
we
get
what we want. That is, undefeated spirit is most important. This is also the normal principle of
Hemingway.

I think Santiago in
The Old Man and the Sea
was Hemingway himself. In
The Old Man and
the
Sea
,
Hemingway
was
fond
of
him
and
sang
high
praise
of
him.
He
placed
his
personal
experience
on
the
old
man
and
reflected
some
of
his
innate
characters.
Hemingway
merged
himself with Santiago in thoughts and feelings. The spirit of Santiago lasted and re-embodied on
Hemingway. Throughout Santiago, the old man cannot accept the fact that he is getting old and
that he slowly casting his strength. Hemingway in reality was having the same problems. He was
getting old and things he once did, he no longer could do. Just as Hemingway could not accept
that fact, neither could his character: Santiago. In fact, Hemingway utilized his life to show that
he was an unconquerable

old lion

.


4



Chapter Two


The Four Characteristics of Code Hero
2.1 Everlasting Hope for the Future
One may lose the battle in life, but he can achieve a moral significance after his courage,
bravery and ability to endure have been tested. Because hope does not die, power is not off. Even
if the hope is slim, we also must try our best to fight for it. The author believes that, hope makes
the old man to fight with the Marlin, fight with the sharks and fight with his own will.

At the beginning of the novel, the author portrays the image of the old man.

The old man
was
thin
and
gaunt
with
deep
wrinkles
in
the
back
of
the
neck.
The
brown
blotched
of
the
benevolent skin cancer the sun brings from its reflection on the tropic sea were on his cheeks.
The blotches ran well down the sides of his cords. But none of these scars were flesh. They were
as old as erosions in a fishless desert

(
The Old Man and the Sea,
Page1). When we read here, we
maybe show our sympathy to the old man and think that he cannot do anything. Further more,
Santiago

s life is not in good condition.
He lives in a shack in which there is only a bed, one
chair
and
a
place
on
the
dirty
floor
to
cook
with
charcoal.
He
is
so
poor
that
had
no

pot
of
yellow rice and fish to eat

(
The Old Man and the Sea,
Page2). While sailing for fishing, he has
only a bottle of water with him. He leads a lonely life. His wife died leaving him no children.

Except a boy he once taught to fish, he has few friends. It seems that few people care him.
What is more, he is a failure in catching fish. For eighty-four days he fished in a skiff without
taking a fish. Eighty-four days is a long period of time. Eighty-four days without a fish is very
unfortunate
for
a
fisherman.
For
a
weather-beaten,
poverty-stricken
and
lonely
old
man
like
Santiago, the misery might be beyond anyone

s intolerance. For a man can tolerate failure, but
can

t tolerate continuous failure. Too much failure will sure defeat a man even with strong will.
For this reason, we may arrive at the conclusion that Santiago will give up fishing. But to our
surprise, the color of the character is brighter in the following,

everything about him was old
except his eyes and they were the same color as the sea and were cheerful and undefeated

(
The

5

阴囊潮湿吃什么-


阴囊潮湿吃什么-


阴囊潮湿吃什么-


阴囊潮湿吃什么-


阴囊潮湿吃什么-


阴囊潮湿吃什么-


阴囊潮湿吃什么-


阴囊潮湿吃什么-



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