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那种孕妇奶粉比较好宫颈癌筛查风险评估量表的可行性研究

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更新日期:2020-12-22 14:02

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2020年12月22日发(作者:薰衣草精油怎么用在脸上)
宫颈癌筛查风险评估量表的可行性研究

[摘要] 目的 ?O计一种宫颈 癌筛查风险评估量表,并
对其可行性进行研究分析,为临床宫颈癌筛查提供指导性建
议。方法 收集2015年12月~2016年6月就诊于安徽医科
大学附属安庆医院妇科门诊的200例患者资料 ,其中宫颈良
性病变组132例(宫颈炎症性疾病)和宫颈疾病组68例(宫
颈上皮内瘤变和宫 颈癌)。采用U检验和多因素Logistic回归
分析法进行分析,经过分析筛选后,制定出“宫颈筛 查风险
评估量表”(CSRAS,L-Y-01)。最后另召集70名新的患者进
行重新评估并 验证该量表。 结果 本研究结果建立了一种新
的宫颈筛查数字化模型,引出了12分的风险阈值。根据 该
模型,如果患者筛查总分值
[关键词] 宫颈上皮内瘤变;宫颈癌;宫颈筛查;风险量

[中图分类号] R73-3 [文献标识码] B [文章编号]
1673-9701(2016)34-0049-05
A feasibility study of cervical cancer screening risk
assessment scale
YU Pengqiao1 LIU Shuai2 LI Qing1 WANG Yan1
ment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anqing
Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Anqing 246000,
China; ment of Emergency Medicine,Hefei First
People 's Hospital Group Binhu Branch, Hefei 230032, China
[Abstract] Objective To design a Cervical Cancer Screening
Risk Assessment Scale and analyze its feasibility,providing
guidance for clinical cervical cancer screening. Methods A total
of 200 cases of gynecological outpatients from Anqing Hospital
Affiliated to Anhui Medical University from December 2015 to
June 2016 were collected,including 132 cases of benign
cervical lesions(cervical inflammatory diseases)and 68 cases of
cervical diseases(Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical
cancer).The data were analyzed by the u-test and multivariate
logistic regression these independent variables
were screened and analyzed, the Cervix Screening Risk
Assessment Scale(CSRAS, L-Y-01) was y,
70 new patients were enrolled to reassess and validate the
scale. Results The results of this study established a new digital
model of cervical screening, which leads to a 12-point risk
ing to the model, if the total score of patient
screening was [Key words] Cervical intraepithelial
neoplasia; Cervical cancer; Cervical screening; Risk
quantification
宫颈疾病包括宫颈炎症,宫颈上皮内瘤变,宫颈癌(包
括上皮性宫颈肿瘤、非上皮性宫颈肿瘤,转移性宫 颈肿瘤)。
宫颈癌是女性最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,严重影响了女性的健
康和生活,其致死率居女 性恶性肿瘤第二位,仅次于乳腺癌
[1]。据统计,全球范围内每年有大约50万的新发宫颈癌患
者,在中国每年大概有13.5万,大约占据了13,且发病年
龄有年轻化趋势[2,3]。
宫颈癌的发生发展是一个长期的过程, 有一个较长的
癌前病变期[4,5]。宫颈上皮内 瘤变这个概念在1968年第一
次是以不典型增生的形式提出[6,7],其发展为宫颈癌经历
了CIN Ⅰ,CINⅡ,CINⅢ,而其中CINⅢ包括宫颈原位癌。
将宫颈癌阻断于CIN阶段对于 宫颈癌的预防和治疗是极为重
要的,所以宫颈癌是一个可预防和可治疗的疾病[8]。
到目前为止,国内外研究者对于宫颈疾病的筛查方法、
流行病学调查及影响因素等进行了较为广泛的探索 与研究。
液基细胞学检测方法,用于宫颈筛查,其具有较高的特异性、
敏感性和可预测性,但其 假阳性率同样较高[9];1974年德国
的左尔?豪森首先发现了HPV感染是宫颈上皮内瘤变和宫颈
癌发展的必要因素之一[10],但不是所有感染高危型HPV都
会导致宫颈癌变,其致病存在 较长的潜伏期,这个时间大概
为10~20年[11]。除此之外,有关对宫颈疾病的流行病学及
影响因素的研究显示,宫颈疾病与年龄、吸烟、长期服用避
孕药、避孕套的使用、肿瘤家族史、受教育 程度、婚姻状况、
性生活、孕产史、性伴侣数、初次性生活年龄、生殖道感染
等诸多因素相关[ 12],因此在宫颈癌筛查过程中,综合考虑
这些因素和检测指标对于宫颈癌的早期诊断、早期治疗是极
为重要的;
美国Kaiser医学中心对女性产生宫颈上皮内瘤变3级
(CIN 3+)病变的5年累计风险进行估 计,并提出了“风险
量化管理”理念[13,14]。根据该种理念,本文联合各项指
标与筛查 ,筛选出更有统计学意义的变量。该实验的最终目
的是创建一个宫颈疾病筛查的风险评估表,既可以减少 误诊
率,又可以避免有创性检查和医疗资源的浪费,并确保宫颈
筛查经济有效,高效灵敏、且使 得物尽其用[15]。
1 对象与方法
1.1一般对象
受试 者来源于2015年12月~2016年6月就诊于安徽医
科大学附属安庆医院妇科门诊,所有受试者年 龄大于21岁、
有3年以上的性生活史,且近3年来未行宫颈疾病筛查;对
于近3年有进行宫颈 物理治疗(如宫颈微波治疗,宫颈LEEP
术,宫颈切除等)、有全子宫切除病史、有宫颈或者盆腔放< br>疗史、妊娠状态及妇科恶性肿瘤的患者予以排除。其中宫颈
良性病变组132例(宫颈炎症性疾病 )和宫颈疾病组68例
(宫颈上皮内瘤变和宫颈癌)。
1.2 方法
根据现行研究资料,选出与宫颈疾病发生发展较为密切
且得到一致研究认同的危险因素如:年龄、初次性 生活年龄、
孕产次、性伴侣数、教育水平、??酒嗜好等,并将患者主观
症状最明显的妇科症状 (包括阴道分泌物改变,血性白带、
同房出血等),妇科检查时宫颈体征(包括宫颈光滑、宫颈
糜烂、肥大、纳氏囊肿,宫颈息肉、宫颈湿疣状改变、宫颈
溃疡等),TCT检查结果(分为:不典型鳞 状细胞、低度鳞状
上皮内瘤变、高度鳞状上皮内瘤变、宫颈癌),HPV分型(阴
性、低危型、 高危型)等这些资料一并纳入初筛的调查问卷
表中,每一项参数将根据危险级别分别赋予0、1、2分。
1.3统计学方法
采用Epidata3.0进行双录入和SPSS19.0进行 统计分析。
对于年龄、初次性生活年龄、孕产次、性伴侣数、教育水平、
烟酒嗜好等将根据危险 级别赋值分数,自变量采用均数±标
准差来分别描述其集中和离散趋势;宫颈良性病变组和宫颈
疾病组两组之间的差异性比较采用两独立样本t检验,对差
异有统计学意义(P50%,图1),因此1 2分作为风险阈值是
具有统计学意义的(P 2.4 70例新患者的ROC曲线分

ROC曲线分析结果显示:其中12分的ROC曲线下面积
为96.2%(大于50%,P [2] Elliott PM,Tattersall MH,
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(收稿日期:2016-09-20)

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